SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT 7: PREHISTORY AND HISTORY

CONTENIDOS:

-Prehistoria e Historia. Suceso que marca la división.

-La vida de los prehistóricos: modo de vida, alimentación, descubrimiento del fuego y la agricultura, invención del comercio.

-Historia Antigua: principales civilizaciones y características comunes.

-Los romanos: estamentos sociales, construcciones principales e influencia de su lengua.

-La Edad Media: estamentos sociales y construcciones principales.

CRITERIOS DE EVALUACIÓN:

-Comprende la diferencia entre la Prehistoria y la Historia y el hecho decisivo que marcó el paso de una a la otra.

-Describe algunas características de las sociedades prehistóricas, así como los cambios que fueron desarrollando: de nómadas a sedentarios y de cazadores a agricultores.

-Nombra las tres principales civilizaciones de la Edad Antigua.

-Conoce algunas características de la vida de los romanos y su legado en nuestra cultura.

-Conoce algunas características de la vida en la Edad Media y su legado en nuestra cultura y en nuestra población.

VOCABULARIO:

Prehistory
History
Ancient Age
Middle Ages
Writing
Agriculture
Nomad
Sedentary
Hunting
Gathering
Fishing
Fire
Cultivating
Raising animals
Egypt
Greece
Rome
Theatre
Amphitheatre
Aqueduct
Bath
Mosaic
Forum
Slave
Latin
Peasant
Nobleman
King
Monk
Castle
Monastery
Church

PREHISTORY

The first period of human life on Earth is called Prehistory. Human beings appeared over a million years ago. 

ANCIENT AGE


When people invented WRITING, Prehistory was over and History began. The first period in History is called Ancient History. 

The three most important civilizations in Ancient History are:

1. Egypt and the Egyptians. They used hieroglyphs to write. Hieroglyphs look like pictures.

2. Greece and the Greeks. Their alphabet was also different from ours! 

3. Rome and the Romans. 

The Romans were skilled builders. In Spain, there are many remains of the Roman presence. We still use their bridges, theatres and mosaics:

• Theatres were used for entertainment. They used to have the shape of letter C. When they looked like an O, they were called amphitheatres. 

The Colosseum, in Rome, is an amphitheatre

• Temples were dedicated to their gods. The Romans believed in many gods: Jupiter, Mars, Venus... 

• Aqueducts were used to carry water from a place to another. 

The Aqueduct of Segovia is in Spain

• Public baths were usually decorated with mosaics. You can visit several Roman baths in Spain! Zaragoza and Badajoz are some places where you can see them.

MIDDLE AGES

The Middle Ages began after the fall of the Roman Empire. People in the Middle Ages were classified into three groups:

1. Peasants and merchants. They lived in villages and either farmed the land or sold goods in markets. They were usually poor.
2. Monks. They lived in monasteries. 
3. Kings and noblemen. They lived in castles and were rich.

In Spain, there are many buildings that were built in the Middle Ages:

Castillo de la Coracera, San Martín de Valdeiglesias

Catedral de León

SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT 6: MEASURING TIME

Contenidos:

-Las principales edades de la Historia. Orden y hechos que marcan su final e inicio.

-La lectura de los años en inglés: parejas de cifras.

-Siglos: concepto y asociación de año y siglo.

-Ordenación de nuestras edades históricas atendiendo a los conceptos de antes y después de Cristo.

Criterios de evaluación:

-Nombra y ordena las grandes edades de la Historia.

-Describe algunos acontecimientos importantes que marcan el cambio de era.

-Lee correctamente años de hasta cuatro cifras en inglés.

-Explica lo que es un siglo.

-Asocia un año dado con el siglo al que pertenece.

-Comprende la importancia de agrupar la Historia en edades para poder estudiarla y entenderla.

-Explica el significado e importancia de dividir la Historia en antes y después de Cristo para entenderla.

Vocabulary:

History

Prehistory

Ancient Age

Middle Ages

Early Modern Age

Modern Age

Year

Century

Before Christ

Anno Domini

Hunting

Agriculture

Fire

Writing

Roman Empire

Discovery of America

French Revolution

The Earth is over 4 billion years old, yet the first humans appeared much later. We have been on Earth for about 190,000 years.

We divide the human existence on Earth into Prehistory and History. Prehistory is the age before writing existed. When humans start writing, History begins.

The main eras of human History are:

1. Prehistory. People hunted before they started raising their own animals. They discovered fire and practiced agriculture. 
   
2. Ancient Age. It started when people invented writing, 3000 years B.C. The main civilizations in Ancient Age are the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans.
   

   
3. Middle Ages. They started when the Roman Empire came to an end. Kings and noblemen lived in castles, while peasants worked in the fields. 
   

   
4. Early Modern Age. It started when Cristóbal Colón (Christopher Columbus) discovered America in 1492. It was an important era because some European empires such as Spain and France expanded and became very rich.
   

   
5. Modern Age. It started in 1789, with the French Revolution and comes to our days! Things have changed a lot along this era. Industrialization meant machines appeared to make our lives easier. We all use machines everyday: computers, fridges, cars, mobile phones and so on!
   

   

In English, years are read by breaking them into two parts:

• 1987: 19-87, nineteen eighty-seven
• 2015: 20-15, twenty fifteen
• 894: 8-94, eight ninety-four
• 521: 5-21, five twenty-one

When there are two zeroes in the middle of the number, we read it simply:

• 2004: two thousand and four
• 1007: one thousand and seven

When the year only has two numbers, we read it simply:

• 29: twenty-nine
• 94: ninety-four

One hundred years make a century. People measure time in centuries, it is so much easier. To know what century a year belongs to, we have to take the first two digits and add one:

• 1945: we take only the first two digits, 19. We add one: 19+1: it belongs to the 20th century.
• 2017: 20+1: it belongs to the 21st century.
• 1722: 17+1: it belongs to the 18th century.

We use ordinal numbers to write centuries. In Spanish, centuries are written by using Roman numbers: XIX, XX, XXI...

We divide History into two big parts:

1. Before Christ (B.C.). Up until the Ancient History age is over.
2. After Christ / Anno Domini (A.D.). It starts in the Middle Ages.

Unit Mind Map: