Contenidos:
-Máquinas de uso habitual en el día a día.
-Principales funciones de las máquinas.
-Máquinas simples y complejas. Concepto y ejemplos de cada.
-Inventos importantes en relación con las máquinas.
Criterios de evaluación:
-Señala y nombra algunas máquinas de uso diario en casa y en el colegio.
-Explica para qué sirven algunas máquinas trabajadas.
-Reconoce las máquinas simples trabajadas y su funcionamiento.
-Reconoce las máquinas complejas trabajadas y expresa nociones básicas acerca de sus componentes y funcionamiento.
-Conoce los inventos más importantes de la historia. Investiga sobre algún otro.
Vocabulario:
Machine
Simple machine
Complex machine
Hammer
Lever
Pulley
Operating part
Motor
Gear
Wheel
Printing press
Radio
Machines are objects which help to make our work easier. Thanks to machines, we can save time and energy.
Some of the machines we use daily are: scissors, telephones, cars or computers. There are many uses to machines. Some are these:
What other transportation machines do you know?
What other communication machines do you know?
Machines can be simple or complex:
- Simple machines have only one part or a few parts. They need a person's energy to work. Hammers, pulleys and levers are simple machines.
- Complex machines are made of many parts. The most important parts are called operating parts, such as motors and gears. Cars, bicycles and computers are complex machines.
Machines were progressively made or invented by people through the years. These are some of the most important inventions:
- The wheel. It was invented 5,000 years ago, in Prehistory. It's very important as a part of vehicles, but also in pulleys and watermills.
- The printing press. It was invented in 1440 by Gutenberg. It allowed people to print books. Before the printing press, books were handwritten. This way, more people started having access to them.
- The radio. It was invented in 1897 by Nikola Tesla and Julio Cervera. It allowed people to communicate without using cables. Our mobile phones work with radio signals.
